Fluorescein angiography is a specialised diagnostic test that enables the assessment of the blood vessels of the retina and choroid. It involves the intravenous administration of a dye – sodium fluorescein – followed by a series of photographs of the fundus taken using a specialised camera. Fluorescein highlights blood flow within the vessels, enabling the detection of leaks, blockages, vascular tumours and other pathologies. The examination is particularly helpful in diagnosing and monitoring conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinal thrombosis or choroiditis. Angiography is a safe procedure, although it may cause short-term side effects such as nausea or a yellow discolouration of the skin and urine. Allergic reactions are rare. This examination is one of the fundamental tools in the diagnosis of diseases of the posterior segment of the eye and in planning treatment, such as anti-VEGF therapy or laser photocoagulation.
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