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    If, despite taking care of your eyesight, you still can't see well - watch out for corneal cone!

    If, despite taking care of your eyesight, you still can't see well - watch out for corneal cone!

    Masz astygmatyzm, krótkowzroczność, stosujesz korekcję okularami, ale nadal nie widzisz dobrze? Może to stożek rogówki? Przeczytaj, czym jest ta choroba i czy może dotyczyć Ciebie.

    Why might it be a corneal cone?

    Corneal cone is a non-inflammatory disorder of the cornea of the eye. It usually starts in adolescence, worsens in the following years of life, and stabilises as the cornea ages-usually around 40 years of age. It leads to an unnatural convexity and the cone-shaped cornea becomes thinner and thinner, usually leading to a significant reduction in the affected person's visual acuity.

    Stożek rogówki powoduje występowanie złożonych wad wzroku z wysokim astigmatism. Wady te są trudne do skorygowania ze względu na dużą nieregularność rogówki i wahania ostrości wzroku, co często mocno utrudnia funkcjonowanie. Chorobę w swym wstępnym stadium można rozpoznać jedynie przy użyciu wielospecjalistycznego sprzętu do badania mapy - topografii rogówki. Najbardziej dokładny obraz stożka można uzyskać w topografie rogówki, który umożliwia ocenę zarówno przedniej jak i tylnej jej części. Służy do tego Pentacam wyposażony w kamerę Scheimpfluga.

    Problems most frequently reported by patients

    Pacjenci ze stożkiem rogówki zgłaszają zmiany ostrości widzenia, zamazywanie oraz dwojenie obrazu, efekt halo wokół źródeł światła, a także nadwrażliwość na światło. Przyczyn powstania stożka może być wiele, są to przede wszystkim czynniki dotyczące właściwości tkanki rogówki, gdy przeważają enzymy niszczące nad budującymi. W mniejszym stopniu wpływ na zachorowanie mają geny oraz choroby tkanki łącznej czy stres.
    Cross-linking, a procedure for cross-linking collagen fibres, has been used in the treatment of corneal cone. Research results show that after the procedure, stabilisation of the corneal cone and stopping the progression of the disease can be achieved. Sometimes visual acuity can also be improved. It also results in a reduction of the existing ectasia, which ultimately avoids a corneal transplantation, which the progressive disease can lead to.

    Cross-linking treatment involves saturating the corneal tissue with riboflavin (a B vitamin) and exposing it to ultraviolet light. This creates new fibre bonds in the cornea, making the cornea more rigid and resistant. The procedure is performed under local anaesthesia using drops. Depending on the severity of the disease, the effects one wishes to achieve through the treatment, as well as the equipment used and the patient's predisposition, the soaking time and irradiation of the cornea can be varied to achieve the best possible therapeutic results for each patient. By using the state-of-the-art Avedro lamp, we can reduce the treatment time to as little as a few minutes. This allows us to also treat corneal cones in children and people who cannot lie on their backs for long, such as those with spinal conditions.

    The following symptoms should prompt you to be screened for corneal cone:

    • the difficulty of choosing the correct spectacle correction;
    • soft contact lens intolerance;
    • Itching of the eyes, desire to rub the eyelids frequently;
    • the need to change glasses frequently;
    • despite changing glasses the feeling of improperly adjusted correction.

    If any of these symptoms sound familiar, or if there is a history of this condition in your immediate family, then you should have a corneal topography to clear up any doubts.

    Bibliography

    See also

    Corneal care

    Corneal care

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